{"id":3330,"date":"2007-12-20T18:05:13","date_gmt":"2007-12-20T18:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/12\/20\/les-cocurrents\/"},"modified":"2012-07-12T10:15:04","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T10:15:04","slug":"les-cocurrents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/12\/20\/les-cocurrents\/","title":{"rendered":"Les concurrents US pour le fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Femme_exotique2\"<\/a>                    L<\/span>a signature, comme pr\u00e9vu avant la fin de l’ann\u00e9e, de l"Energy Bill" par G.W.Bush a donn\u00e9 aux industries am\u00e9ricaines, le signal de d\u00e9part de la course au fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration c’est \u00e0 dire celui obtenu \u00e0 partir de lignocellulose<\/a>. Deux fili\u00e8res sont en comp\u00e9tition l’une \u00e0 100% chimique, l’autre couplant chimie, r\u00e9actions enzymatique et fermentation alcoolique.<\/p>\n

                  Quelles sont les industries nord am\u00e9ricaines en lice pour cette f\u00e9roce comp\u00e9tition?<\/p>\n

                           Dans la fili\u00e8re purement chimique oublions Dynamotive et son BioOil<\/a> qui s’arr\u00eate \u00e0 une liqueur de bois pour alimenter les chaudi\u00e8res du Missouri. Le plus s\u00e9rieux semble \u00eatre RANGE FUELS<\/u> de Broomfield, Colorado, qui poss\u00e8de un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 classique de Biomass to Liquid avec synth\u00e8se de Syngas (CO +H2) \u00e0 partir de diverses lignocelluloses (bois, broussailles, d\u00e9chets divers) puis par r\u00e9action catalytique r\u00e9alise un m\u00e9lange d’alcools d’o\u00f9 l’\u00e9thanol est r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9 par distillation. Range Fuels poss\u00e8de un homme cl\u00e9: Arie Geertsema qui est un ancien de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre entreprise sud africaine Sasol. Ils sont en cours d’industrialisation du proc\u00e9d\u00e9 en G\u00e9orgie avec l’aide financi\u00e8re du Department of Energy (DOE) pour pouvoir produire 200 tonnes par jour d’\u00e9thanol en 2009 puis 1000 tonnes par la suite .<\/p>\n

Dans la fili\u00e8re enzymatique il y a beaucoup plus de comp\u00e9tition. Il est possible de citer:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. LIGNOL<\/u> de Vancouver, qui par une extraction par solvant de la cellulose obtient trois produits valorisables. La partie ligneuse pour faire des panneaux et divers agglom\u00e9r\u00e9s, du furfural et la partie cellulosique tr\u00e8s pure convertible ais\u00e9ment en alccol. Il affirme savoir faire une unit\u00e9 modulaire de 100 \u00e0 400 tonnes de bois sec par jour produisant 10 \u00e0 40 millions de litres d’\u00e9thanol par an. Un homme cl\u00e9 : Kendall Pye. A sign\u00e9 un accord avec SUNCOR pour d\u00e9velopper une unit\u00e9 de production.<\/li>\n
  2. POET<\/u>, c’est un des plus gros de l’\u00e9thanol de ma\u00efs US.Il travaille sur un projet de valorisation des rafles de ma\u00efs avec l’aide du DOE. Une usine de l’Iowa va \u00eatre \u00e9quip\u00e9e pour produire 125 millions de gallons de fuel \u00e9thanol par an, 3\/4 des volumes venant du ma\u00efs et 1\/4 des raffles.<\/li>\n
  3. IOGEN<\/u> d’Ottawa, son proc\u00e9d\u00e9 utilise un pr\u00e9traitement dit de "steam explosion" sous haute pression qui favorise  ensuite une hydrolyse enzymatique de la cellulose, l’hemicellulose et la lignine. Il est financ\u00e9 par le DOE.<\/li>\n
  4. BLUE FIRE ETHANOL<\/u> utilise le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 Arkenol et dispose d’une usine pilote au Japon. La ligno-cellulose est pr\u00e9alablement hydrolys\u00e9e avec une solution d’acide sulfurique. Le pilote japonais r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e8re par \u00e9lectrodyalise l’acide utilis\u00e9 pour \u00e9viter les rejets. Blue Fire projette une usine am\u00e9ricaine pour 2010.<\/li>\n
  5. VERENIUM,<\/u> Cambridge, Ma. proc\u00e8de \u00e9galement un pr\u00e9traitement par hydrolyse acide. Il a essaim\u00e9 une usine pilote au Japon \u00e0 Osaka avec Marubeni et Tsukishima Kikai. Elle devrait produire 4 millions de litres par an d’\u00e9thanol en 2008.<\/li>\n
  6. ATLANTIC XETHANOL<\/u> petites unit\u00e9s valorisant les d\u00e9chets proches.<\/li>\n
  7. et diverses start up locales aux technologies ind\u00e9cises.<\/li>\n
  8. L’espagnol ABENGOA<\/u> est \u00e9galement aux USA mais il demeure discret pour l’instant.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              On le voit la concurrence sera rude, mais ce ne sont pour l’instant que de petites unit\u00e9s dont la rentabilit\u00e9 sera do\u00fbteuse et d\u00e9pendante des subventions f\u00e9d\u00e9rales. Un vrai grand projet<\/u> industriel n’est pas encore \u00e0 l’ordre du jour.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                       La signature, comme pr\u00e9vu avant la fin de l’ann\u00e9e, de l"Energy Bill" par G.W.Bush a donn\u00e9 aux industries am\u00e9ricaines, le signal de d\u00e9part de la course au fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration c’est \u00e0 dire celui obtenu \u00e0 partir de lignocellulose. Deux fili\u00e8res sont en comp\u00e9tition l’une \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":341,"featured_media":7185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bio-carburants"],"yoast_head":"\nLes concurrents US pour le fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration - leblogenergie.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/12\/20\/les-cocurrents\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Les concurrents US pour le fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration - leblogenergie.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"                   La signature, comme pr\u00e9vu avant la fin de l’ann\u00e9e, de l"Energy Bill" par G.W.Bush a donn\u00e9 aux industries am\u00e9ricaines, le signal de d\u00e9part de la course au fuel \u00e9thanol de deuxi\u00e8me g\u00e9n\u00e9ration c’est \u00e0 dire celui obtenu \u00e0 partir de lignocellulose. 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