{"id":3461,"date":"2007-11-27T18:46:59","date_gmt":"2007-11-27T18:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/11\/27\/rseau\/"},"modified":"2012-07-12T10:11:48","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T10:11:48","slug":"rseau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/11\/27\/rseau\/","title":{"rendered":"Pour un super r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Trec\"<\/a>                   D<\/span>e nombreux projets, plus ou moins utopiques, de substitution quasi totale des sources traditionnelles d’\u00e9nergie dans la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ont envisag\u00e9 la mise en place d’un "Super R\u00e9seau" \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en (super grid). Aliment\u00e9 en courant continu haute tension (HVDC, High Voltage Direct Current) afin de r\u00e9duire les pertes en ligne \u00e0 environ 3% \u00e0 6% pour mille kilom\u00e8tres. L’id\u00e9e a \u00e9t\u00e9 promue par le TREC , par le Dr Gregor Czisch de l’Universit\u00e9 de Kassel en Allemagne qui a d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que de la Sib\u00e9rie au Maroc et de l’Egypte \u00e0 l’Islande il existe toujours un endroit ou il y a du vent. Il suffit donc de relier le Super R\u00e9seau \u00e0 des \u00e9oliennes diss\u00e9min\u00e9es dans une Europe \u00e9largie \u00e0 l’Afrique du Nord et \u00e0 la Russie, pour recevoir \u00e0 Kassel du courant "vert". <\/p>\n

Que peut-on retenir de cette proposition?<\/p>\n

                             Tout d’abord les lignes \u00e0 courant continu ne sont pas une nouveaut\u00e9 en Europe. L’interconnexion France-Angleterre est assur\u00e9e par une ligne 270kV continu, pour une puissance de 2000MW. L’interconnexion NorNed<\/u> entre la Norv\u00e8ge et les Pays-Bas, qui sera op\u00e9rationnelle en d\u00e9but 2008, sera assur\u00e9e par une ligne sous marine de 580 km, en 450 kV continu, pour une puissance de 700MW avec des pertes en ligne de 3,7%.<\/p>\n

                           Les centales connecte\u00e9s \u00e0 ce r\u00e9seau peuvent \u00eatre des \u00e9oliennes, des fermes solaires, des centrales nucl\u00e9aires ou des centrales thermiques \u00e0 charbon \u00e9quip\u00e9es d’unit\u00e9s de capture de CO2. L’origine de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 importe peu dans un premier temps, le mythe du tout \u00e9olien pouvant constituer une motivation ultime.<\/p>\n

                           La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape serait d’\u00e9crire la sp\u00e9cification d’une maille \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire du super r\u00e9seau : taille, tension, puissance, modes de raccordement au r\u00e9seau traditionnel. Puis viendrait les sp\u00e9cifications et d\u00e9finitions des cables et des \u00e9quipements de contr\u00f4les et de raccordement.<\/p>\n

                          Un premier maillon de cellule sur un axe Nord-Sud,  du genre Pays-Bas – Maroc ou Allemagne – Maroc, pourrait \u00eatre constitu\u00e9 de l’interconnexion France – Espagne qui fait tant d\u00e9faut dans la r\u00e9alisation des \u00e9changes entre le Nord de l’Europe et la P\u00e9ninsule Ib\u00e9rique. <\/p>\n

                           Ce super r\u00e9seau pourrait \u00eatre le support d’une bourse consolid\u00e9e europ\u00e9enne ou s’\u00e9tabliraient des cours de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 comp\u00e9titifs et non subventionn\u00e9s. Les r\u00e9alisations ou projets non rentables seraient rapidement \u00e9cart\u00e9s de ce march\u00e9.<\/p>\n

                          Un gestionnaire style RTE Europ\u00e9en assurerait la d\u00e9finition, le financement, la ma\u00eetrise de la r\u00e9alisation et la gestion de ce super r\u00e9seau. Il serait financ\u00e9 par une redevance au TWh. Il g\u00e8rerait un mix \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique qui lui permettrait d’assurer la r\u00e9alisation des objectifs de r\u00e9duction d’\u00e9missions de CO2 pour la production d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne. Il assurerait la gestion des \u00e9changes avec les pays non europ\u00e9ens.<\/p>\n

                         A ce niveau un organisme de r\u00e9gulation aurait en charge le pilotage en temps r\u00e9el du r\u00e9seau europ\u00e9en avec pour mission de r\u00e9duire la fr\u00e9quence des al\u00e9as. <\/p>\n

                        Apr\u00e8s la PAC du vingti\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, on aurait ainsi la PEC, Politique Electrique Commune en attendant la Politique Energ\u00e9tique Commune.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  De nombreux projets, plus ou moins utopiques, de substitution quasi totale des sources traditionnelles d’\u00e9nergie dans la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ont envisag\u00e9 la mise en place d’un "Super R\u00e9seau" \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en (super grid). Aliment\u00e9 en courant continu haute tension (HVDC, High Voltage Direct Current) afin de r\u00e9duire les pertes en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":341,"featured_media":6894,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eolien"],"yoast_head":"\nPour un super r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en - leblogenergie.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/11\/27\/rseau\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Pour un super r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en - leblogenergie.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"                  De nombreux projets, plus ou moins utopiques, de substitution quasi totale des sources traditionnelles d’\u00e9nergie dans la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ont envisag\u00e9 la mise en place d’un "Super R\u00e9seau" \u00e9lectrique europ\u00e9en (super grid). 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