{"id":4372,"date":"2007-02-25T21:39:14","date_gmt":"2007-02-25T21:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/02\/25\/le-grand-jeu-to-1\/"},"modified":"2012-07-12T09:50:52","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T09:50:52","slug":"le-grand-jeu-to-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2007\/02\/25\/le-grand-jeu-to-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Le grand jeu. Tovaritch : le kazakhstan"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Kazakhstan_1\"<\/a>Le kazakhstan a toujours tenu une place particuli\u00e9re dans l’histoire de la Russie, car depuis deux si\u00e9cles, c’est l’endroit o\u00f9 craque r\u00e9guli\u00e9rement l’empire russe.
C’est aux confins du Kazakhstan et avec la complicit\u00e9 des kazaks qu’a \u00e9clat\u00e9 a la fin du 18\u00b0 si\u00e9cle la grande jacquerie (Pougatchevtchina), c’est le soul\u00e9vement du kazakhstan qui a sonn\u00e9 le glas de l’empire Russe en 1916, et c’est encore le soul\u00e9vement de 1982 qui sonna le glas de l’Urss (aux cris de "morts aux capitalistes"). Le turkesthan a vu se cr\u00e9er 5 r\u00e9publiques \u00e0 la suite de l’eclatement de l’Urss, le kazakhstan est la plus grande sur le papier, peu peupl\u00e9e (16 000 000 d’habitants) avec une courte majorit\u00e9 de kazaks <\/a>(9 000 000), russifi\u00e9s pour la plupart. L’immense majorit\u00e9 de la population est russophone. <\/p>\n

Les bureaucraties sovi\u00e9tiques sont rest\u00e9es inchang\u00e9es au pouvoir. Le retard de l’union sovi\u00e9tique au niveau technique, l’embargo occidentale qui a suivi l’affaire polonaise et l’invasion de l’Afghanistan n’ont pas permis l’exploitation des ressources min\u00e9rales importantes en gaz et p\u00e9trole, et si elles ont nui consid\u00e9rablement \u00e0 l’Urss (son pic-oil date de 1987), a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la sauvegarde de ses ressources.
Les r\u00e9serves du Kazakhstan eu \u00e9gard \u00e0 sa population sont immenses :
– Kashgan<\/a>  : 40 GB de p\u00e9trole + 10 de r\u00e9cup\u00e9rables, pour le gaz, c’est 425 Gm3,
– Karachaganak : 2.3 GB de p\u00e9trole, gaz 1.37Tm3,
– Tengiz : 6 \u00e0 9 GB.
Comme le montre la carte, le probl\u00e8me principal est dans les voies d’acheminement de ces ressources vers l’exterieur. C’est l\u00e0 que se joue la reconstitution d’un empire russe ou sa dislocation. Avant le 11 septembre, les am\u00e9ricains esperaient fortement gazoducs et pipelines \u00e0 travers l’Afghanistan<\/a>.
C’\u00e9tait leur espoir et leur aspiration.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le kazakhstan a toujours tenu une place particuli\u00e9re dans l’histoire de la Russie, car depuis deux si\u00e9cles, c’est l’endroit o\u00f9 craque r\u00e9guli\u00e9rement l’empire russe.C’est aux confins du Kazakhstan et avec la complicit\u00e9 des kazaks qu’a \u00e9clat\u00e9 a la fin du 18\u00b0 si\u00e9cle la grande jacquerie (Pougatchevtchina), c’est le soul\u00e9vement du kazakhstan qui a sonn\u00e9 le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":198,"featured_media":5028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,3],"tags":[2070],"class_list":["post-4372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites","category-energie-fossile","tag-kazaks-kashgan-karachaganak-tengiz"],"yoast_head":"\nLe grand jeu. 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