{"id":980,"date":"2009-04-01T07:02:23","date_gmt":"2009-04-01T07:02:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2009\/04\/01\/etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance\/"},"modified":"2012-07-12T11:29:55","modified_gmt":"2012-07-12T11:29:55","slug":"etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2009\/04\/01\/etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance\/","title":{"rendered":"Etats-Unis: le processus d’\u00e9laboration de la future l\u00e9gislation sur les \u00e9missions de CO2 est lanc\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Capitole\"<\/a>                       C'est Henry Waxman, Pr\u00e9sident de la Commission de l'Energie et du Commerce \u00e0 la Chambre des Repr\u00e9sentants des Etats-Unis qui pr\u00e9sente le projet de loi intitul\u00e9 "The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009<\/strong>" qui va servir de base \u00e0 l'\u00e9laboration de la future loi sur la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, avec pour objectif de r\u00e9duire ces \u00e9missions de 20% en 2020 par rapport \u00e0 celles de 2005. Dans ce texte qui aborde successivement la promotion des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, l'efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre et les mesures transitoires, il est possible de d\u00e9gager un certain nombre de points marquants. Citons l'obligation pour les distributeurs d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 d'approvisionner un certain pourcentage d'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 d'origine renouvelable<\/span> (6% en 2012 et 25% en 2025) avec une possibilit\u00e9 de r\u00e9duction de ces objectifs par les Etats. <\/p>\n

                  L'autre point important est la mise en place d'un syst\u00e8me "cap and trade<\/span><\/strong>" de droits d'\u00e9missions de CO2, r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux grands \u00e9metteurs de CO2 (>25000 T\/an) avec un plan de r\u00e9duction d'\u00e9mission de ces droits au cours du temps (Il va de 4,77 milliards de tonnes de CO2 en 2012 \u00e0 1,035 milliards de tonnes en 2050!). C'est donc th\u00e9oriquement le march\u00e9 qui va d\u00e9terminer les cours du CO2!  Mais comme tout le monde sait que c'est stupide, le projet pr\u00e9voit une "r\u00e9serve strat\u00e9gique<\/span>" de 2,5 milliards pour injecter des droits suppl\u00e9mentaires si les cours deviennent trop \u00e9lev\u00e9s. Le "trade" va donc \u00eatre "cap\u00e9"!  De plus il va exister une possibilit\u00e9 de dispenses ("offset<\/span><\/strong>") provenant d'autres sources de r\u00e9duction d'\u00e9missions (capture et s\u00e9questration, hydraulique, nucl\u00e9aire?) nationales ou internationales. Ces dispenses ne pourront pas d\u00e9passer 2 milliards de tonnes annuellement. L'ensemble va ressembler \u00e0 une vraie usine \u00e0 gaz qui combinera vente aux ench\u00e8res et cotation sur un march\u00e9. Il est peu probable que l'examen par les deux Chambres arrive \u00e0 simplifier les textes.<\/p>\n

              Enfin il faut parler des mesures transitoires qui pr\u00e9voient la possibilit\u00e9 d'instaurer une taxe carbone sur les produits import\u00e9s<\/span>, dans le cas o\u00f9 l'industrie am\u00e9ricaine serait d\u00e9savantag\u00e9e. Le texte envisage \u00e9galement de pouvoir aider les pays en d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 condition qu'ils aient sign\u00e9 un accord international de limitation des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre<\/span>. Le texte anticipe la r\u00e9union de Copenhague et le comportement de la Chine et de l'Inde.<\/p>\n

Tout cela promet de longues et \u00e2pres discussions.<\/p>\n

LIRE<\/a> le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de ce projet de loi.<\/p>\n

Le 1er Avril 2009<\/p>\n

–<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                       C'est Henry Waxman, Pr\u00e9sident de la Commission de l'Energie et du Commerce \u00e0 la Chambre des Repr\u00e9sentants des Etats-Unis qui pr\u00e9sente le projet de loi intitul\u00e9 "The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009" qui va servir de base \u00e0 l'\u00e9laboration de la future loi sur la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":341,"featured_media":19923,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rechauffement-climatique"],"yoast_head":"\nEtats-Unis: le processus d'\u00e9laboration de la future l\u00e9gislation sur les \u00e9missions de CO2 est lanc\u00e9 - leblogenergie.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2009\/04\/01\/etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Etats-Unis: le processus d'\u00e9laboration de la future l\u00e9gislation sur les \u00e9missions de CO2 est lanc\u00e9 - leblogenergie.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"                       C'est Henry Waxman, Pr\u00e9sident de la Commission de l'Energie et du Commerce \u00e0 la Chambre des Repr\u00e9sentants des Etats-Unis qui pr\u00e9sente le projet de loi intitul\u00e9 "The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009" qui va servir de base \u00e0 l'\u00e9laboration de la future loi sur la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 […]\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/files\/2012\/07\/6a00d83451b18369e201156fac6e19970b-200wi.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Raymond Bonnaterre\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2009\/04\/01\/etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.thesocialmedia.com\/leblogenergie\/2009\/04\/01\/etatsunis-le-processus-delaboration-de-la-future-legislation-sur-les-emissions-de-co2-est-lance\/\",\"name\":\"Etats-Unis: le processus d'\u00e9laboration de la future l\u00e9gislation sur les \u00e9missions de CO2 est lanc\u00e9 - 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